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Dome of the Chain ((アラビア語:قبة السلسلة), ''Qubbat as-Silsila'') is a free-standing dome located adjacently east of the Dome of the Rock in the Old City of Jerusalem. One of the oldest structures on the Haram ash-Sharif (Temple Mount), it is not a mosque or shrine, but is used as a prayer house.〔(Al-Aqsa Guide: 31. Dome of the Chain (Silsilah) ) Al Aqsa Friends 2007.〕 It was built by the Ummayads, became a Christian chapel under the Crusaders, restored as an Islamic prayer house by the Ayyubids and has been renovated by the Mamluks, Ottomans and the Palestinian-based ''waqf''. ==History== Some structures within the dome date to pre-Islamic times,〔 but it is widely accepted by both Arab and Western scholars that the Dome of the Chain was originally built by the caliph Abd al-Malik in 691, during the Umayyad rule in Palestine.〔〔 The Umayyad design of the building has largely remained unaltered by later restorations.〔 In addition to being a prayer house, the dome was used as a treasury for the local Muslim community.〔 When the First Crusade invaded the Levant in 1099, they identified the dome as the spot where Saint James was martyred and transformed the building into a chapel dedicated to him. In 1187, the building was returned to Islamic use after Saladin recaptured Jerusalem for the Muslims. In 1199 the ceiling and pavings were renewed and marble was added to the columns by the ruling Ayyubids.〔 The Crusaders briefly re-used the place from 1240–1244, but they were defeated by the Mamluks of Egypt. The Mamluk sultan Baibars renovated the dome and slightly reduced the number of columns in the 13th century, as well as refacing the ''mihrab'' with marble. In 1561, under the Ottoman sultan Suleiman the Magnificent, the tiles of the ''mihrab'' were glazed and later in 1760, more tiles were added to it.〔 The last major renovation was undertaken by the Islamic ''waqf'' of Jerusalem in 1975-76.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Dome of the Chain」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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